The borders between these national states, had varied greatly even in the last couple of hundred years; the border areas a times being common ground, at times belonging to one state, at times belonging to the other.
Also, the Schengen border cut right through the region. This very controlled and restricted border of the modern day European Union, was not only a significant psychological and economic border of today, it was also a historical border reaching as far back as the 11th century.
In the year 1054, the Christian church was split in a western and an eastern part, and through the years these to parts developed to two quite different cultures - or civilizations. And in 2006, this line - this Schengen line - still marked the border between west and east, between Europe and the rest of the world.